Spermogram

A spermogram is a test that allows assessment of male fertility and determines the quality of ejaculate. It is an integral part of the examination when planning a family or diagnosing infertility. The examination is performed quickly, does not require complicated preparation, and provides comprehensive information about the ability to conceive.

If you are planning fatherhood, a spermogram will help to timely exclude or detect possible abnormalities and receive professional medical assistance.

Make an appointment for a spermogram at the Oxford Medical Center in Kyiv. We employ experienced specialists who ensure the accuracy of the examination and provide high-quality medical care.

A spermogram is a standard test in ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) protocols, in the examination of men with suspected reduced fertility, and when in vitro fertilization is necessary. By evaluating the physical, chemical, and microscopic parameters of the ejaculate, the doctor obtains a complete picture of the functioning of the reproductive system. Additional, in-depth analyses may be prescribed, such as an extended spermogram by Kruger’s strict criteria or the determination of antibodies to spermatozoa (MAR test).

Proper preparation is important to obtain reliable results. The test indicators, and hence the accuracy of diagnosis, depend on compliance with recommendations. Preparation for the spermogram includes:

• Abstaining from ejaculation for 2–5 days before the test. This is the optimal period for obtaining an informative sample.

• Refraining from alcohol, smoking, energy drinks, and coffee for 3–5 days.

• Avoiding antibiotics and hormonal drugs for 7–10 days before the test (mandatory to coordinate with your doctor).

• For 2–3 days, avoid sauna visits, hot baths, and intense physical exertion.

The ejaculate sample is obtained by masturbation into a special sterile container, either directly in the laboratory or at home if delivery within 30–60 minutes at about 37°C is possible. Careful hygiene must be performed before the procedure.

During the analysis, a number of key ejaculate parameters are examined that allow assessment of male fertility:

• Ejaculate volume — shows the amount of seminal fluid released per ejaculation (normal — from 1.5 ml).

• Color and consistency — usually grayish-white in color, moderate viscosity.

• Liquefaction time — no more than 60 minutes.

• Acidity (pH) — from 7.2 to 8.0.

• Sperm count — determines the concentration (normal — over 15 million/ml).

• Sperm motility — percentage of actively motile, sluggish, and immobile cells.

• Sperm morphology — percentage of cells with normal shape and structure.

• Sperm viability — percentage of live cells.

• Presence of leukocytes, erythrocytes, other cells, and impurities.

After the spermogram, the results are evaluated by a urologist or andrologist, taking into account the clinical situation. Not all minor deviations indicate pathology — indicators can be influenced by stress, past illnesses, medications, and lifestyle.

Key terms in interpretation:

• Normozoospermia — all parameters are within normal limits, fertility is preserved.

• Oligozoospermia — reduced sperm concentration.

• Asthenozoospermia — reduced sperm motility.

• Teratozoospermia — high percentage of abnormal cell forms.

• Azoospermia — absence of sperm in the ejaculate.

• Leukocytospermia — increased number of leukocytes, possible inflammatory process.

After the spermogram, the doctor provides a detailed interpretation of each indicator, searches for possible causes of deviations, and recommends further steps.

If the results are unsatisfactory, do not panic. The doctor first analyzes possible causes: chronic stress, failure to comply with preparation recommendations, recent illnesses, or medication. Often, after a repeat test, the result improves.

Action plan:

• Repeat the test in 2–3 weeks, strictly following the preparation instructions.

• Additionally, consult a urologist-andrologist, who will determine the need for further examination.

• If necessary, hormonal, infectious, genetic tests, and ultrasound of the scrotal organs are prescribed to establish an accurate diagnosis.

• Lifestyle correction: giving up bad habits, normalization of diet, reduction of physical and emotional stress.

• Medication or surgical treatment — if indicated.

At the Oxford Medical Center, an individual correction plan is selected based on the test results and the patient's characteristics. The main thing is not to delay visiting a specialist, since modern medicine allows most problems with male fertility to be successfully resolved.

The price of a spermogram depends on the type of test: basic or extended, with or without additional tests. The usual spermogram costs less, while the spermogram with the MAR test is somewhat higher due to the need for additional research. You can familiarize yourself with the prices in advance here.

Do not postpone taking care of your health! Take a spermogram in Kyiv at the Oxford Medical Center and receive individual recommendations from experienced doctors. To make an appointment for a consultation or testing, call or use the online form on the website.

Timely diagnostics is the first step towards solving problems with men's health and fulfilling the dream of fatherhood.