Treatment of adnexitis

Adnexitis is an inflammatory process in the ovaries and fallopian tubes (uterine appendages), which are vital components of the female reproductive system. Also known as salpingo-oophoritis, adnexitis can lead to scarring of the appendage tissues and, in advanced cases, may require surgical removal (adnexectomy). Patients with adnexitis are at risk of infertility.

Inflammation of the ovaries and appendages is caused by an infection that enters the fallopian tubes or ovaries. Various bacteria can act as infectious agents: staphylococci, streptococci, gonococci, Koch’s bacillus, Escherichia coli, chlamydia, etc. Many factors contribute to the penetration and development of the infection, with the most important being:

• neglect of hygiene standards;

• hypothermia;

• stress;

• other gynecological diseases (endometriosis, infections);

• induced abortion;

• weakened immune system;

• chronic fatigue.

Due to these factors, the infection — ascending or hematogenous (depending on the specific pathogen) — enters the fallopian tubes, damages the epithelial lining, and then infects the ovary. The affected appendages merge into a single inflamed mass.

The manifestations of the disease depend on its localization (adnexitis may affect the right, left, or both sides) and form (acute or chronic).

Acute adnexitis is characterized by a rapid, sometimes abrupt development of the following symptoms:

• sharp pain in the lower abdomen or lower back;

• fever (increased temperature, chills, weakness);

• vaginal discharge in the form of mucus or pus.

If a woman with acute inflammation of the appendages and ovaries does not see a gynecologist for treatment, the affected appendages may develop purulent processes, or the condition may become chronic. In chronic adnexitis, periods of exacerbation alternate with remission, during which symptoms disappear.

Symptoms during exacerbation are milder: pain is less intense, and the temperature rises slightly. Women with chronic adnexitis often experience menstrual irregularities — painful or excessively heavy periods. Some patients report pain during sexual intercourse, which may lead to decreased libido.

The treatment strategy is determined by the gynecologist after examining and evaluating the patient. During the examination, an increase in the size of the uterine appendages may indicate adnexitis. The preliminary diagnosis is confirmed through ultrasound, swabs (to identify the pathogen), and, if necessary, a fallopian tube patency test — sonohysterography.

Chronic adnexitis may be treated on an outpatient basis, while acute forms require hospitalization. Medical treatment may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and, if necessary, painkillers. Medications can be prescribed as tablets, suppositories, injections, or IV drips.

If suppuration develops in acute adnexitis, urgent surgery is required to remove the pus and cleanse the inflamed appendages. In severe cases of extensive suppuration, adnexectomy (surgical removal of the affected appendages) is performed.

At the surgical inpatient facility of the "Oxford Medical" clinic, the full range of procedures for adnexitis is available. Qualified gynecologists receive patients at gynecology departments located throughout Kyiv.

If not treated in time, adnexitis may become chronic and cause the following complications:

• formation of pelvic adhesions;

• fallopian tube obstruction, leading to fertility issues;

• development of ectopic pregnancy;

• spontaneous miscarriage;

• spread of inflammation to nearby organs (bladder, intestines).

To prevent the development of adnexitis and other gynecological diseases, women are advised to:

• use barrier methods of contraception;

• avoid pelvic organ hypothermia;

• strengthen the immune system;

• undergo a gynecological check-up annually;

• promptly treat all genitourinary conditions.

The "Oxford Medical" medical center offers all the necessary conditions for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of adnexitis and other gynecological conditions. The clinic is equipped with new expert-class equipment, and the staff includes highly qualified obstetrician-gynecologists and other experienced specialists. Providing high-quality medical care and ensuring patient comfort are among our main priorities.

Benefits of contacting our clinic include:

• qualified doctors with years of experience;

• modern expert-level equipment;

• all diagnostic procedures available in one location;

• use of minimally invasive treatment methods;

• comfortable conditions in the day hospital;

• loyalty program for regular patients.

The cost of treating ovarian inflammation may vary depending on the stage of the disease and the presence of complications. The price increases particularly if surgical intervention is required. You can find the prices here. The gynecologist will provide more detailed information about the treatment options for acute and chronic salpingo-oophoritis during the consultation. Schedule your appointment at a convenient time.