Removable dental prostheses

Removable dentures are orthopedic structures used to restore the dental arch in cases of partial or complete tooth loss. This type of prosthetic treatment makes it possible to restore basic chewing function, improve speech clarity, and recover the appearance of a smile when other restoration methods are impossible or impractical.

Modern removable constructions differ significantly from dentures used in the past. They are made of materials that provide a more natural appearance and a higher level of comfort during daily use. As a result, removable prosthetics remain a relevant orthopedic solution in a number of clinical cases.

At «Oxford Medical» Dental Clinic, removable prosthetic treatment is performed after a comprehensive assessment of the oral cavity, bite, and overall dental status of the patient. This approach allows specialists to select the optimal type of construction, taking into account functional needs and the expected level of comfort.

The method of fixation depends on the type of construction, the number of remaining teeth, anatomical features of the jaws, and the selected treatment plan. The stability of the denture and comfort during chewing largely depend on the fixation method.

The most common fixation options include:

• Fixation due to anatomical shape and vacuum effect. This method is mainly used for complete removable dentures. The construction fits tightly to the oral mucosa and is retained due to pressure differences. Based on this principle, removable dentures for the upper jaw are often made, as the anatomy of the palate allows for better stability during wear.

• Fixation on abutment teeth. In cases of partial tooth loss, the denture may be additionally retained using clasps or other elements fixed to the remaining teeth. This improves the stability of the construction and reduces its mobility during chewing and speaking.

• Combined fixation. In some clinical cases, several fixation methods are combined—for example, anatomical fit together with stabilization on natural teeth. This approach allows for more even distribution of chewing load and increases comfort during use.

• Fixation on implants. To enhance stability, constructions retained by special attachments on installed implants may be used. Such removable dentures on implants are held more securely during chewing and speaking and are less likely to shift within the oral cavity.

The choice of fixation method is always made individually. The dentist assesses the condition of the oral cavity, the bite, and the anatomical features of the jaws and selects the option that will provide the optimal result.

Removable prosthetic treatment helps restore the basic functions of the dentofacial system in cases of partial or complete tooth loss. To properly assess the possibilities of this method, it is important to consider both its advantages and its limitations.

Advantages:

• allow restoration of chewing function and aesthetics without surgical intervention;

• may be an optimal solution in situations where other methods are impractical or temporarily unavailable;

• are manufactured relatively quickly and can be adjusted during use if necessary;

• are generally more affordable in cost compared to implantation and complex fixed constructions.

In many clinical cases, removable dentures help restore everyday comfort and improve the quality of chewing and speech.

Disadvantages and limitations:

• an adaptation period may be required, during which discomfort and temporary changes in speech can occur;

• fixation and stability are usually lower than those of fixed constructions, especially in cases of complete edentulism;

• over time, the denture may require relining or correction due to natural changes in the oral mucosa and bone tissue;

• regular cleaning and proper storage of removable dentures are necessary to prevent deformation and maintain their usability.

For this reason, the decision on which type of denture to choose should be carefully considered.

This is a step-by-step process that involves careful preparation. Such an approach makes it possible to achieve proper fit of the construction, ensure its functionality, and provide comfort during daily use.

Main stages of prosthetic treatment:

• Consultation and diagnostics. The dentist performs an examination of the oral cavity, assesses the condition of the bite, and determines the feasibility of removable prosthetic treatment. If necessary, additional examinations are prescribed, such as computed tomography or an orthopantomogram.

• Orthopedic treatment planning. At this stage, the type of construction, material, and fixation method are selected. The dentist explains all features, expected results, and aspects of the adaptation period.

• Impression taking or digital scanning. The obtained data make it possible to fabricate a denture taking into account the anatomical features of the jaw, which ensures accurate fit and even distribution of chewing load.

• Denture fabrication in the laboratory. The construction is produced in a dental laboratory according to the specified parameters.

• Try-in and placement. The finished construction is tried in, and its stability and comfort during speaking and chewing are assessed. If necessary, adjustments are made to achieve optimal fit.

Production time depends on the type of construction and the clinical situation. On average, the process takes up to several weeks. Exact timelines are determined individually by the dentist after the treatment plan has been approved.

Proper care is a mandatory condition for comfortable use and maintaining functionality throughout the entire service life. Following the dentist’s recommendations helps maintain oral hygiene, prevent irritation of the oral mucosa, which over time may require treatment of gum inflammation, and reduces the risk of premature wear of the construction.

Basic rules:

• daily cleaning of the denture using special products;

• thorough rinsing of the denture with running water after each meal;

• avoiding the use of abrasive toothpastes or aggressive cleaning agents that may damage the surface;

• proper storage of removable dentures according to the dentist’s recommendations to prevent deformation or drying of the material;

• regular cleaning of the oral mucosa and natural teeth.

In addition to daily hygiene, scheduled dental check-ups are important. During such visits, the dentist assesses the condition of the denture, its fit, and performs adjustments if necessary. This helps to eliminate possible discomfort in a timely manner and maintain ease of use.

On average, the service life ranges from 2 to 7 years; however, exact timelines are always individual.

The duration of use is influenced by:

• the material of the construction (acrylic and nylon dentures have different wear resistance);

• bite characteristics and the level of chewing load;

• the presence or absence of remaining natural teeth that can additionally stabilize the denture;

• the regularity of hygienic care and scheduled dental check-ups.

Over time, natural changes occur in the jaw tissues, including gradual bone tissue atrophy and changes in the contour of the oral mucosa. As a result, even a high-quality removable denture may lose accuracy of fit. In such cases, the dentist may recommend relining, adjustment, or replacement of the construction.

Regular preventive examinations and adherence to care rules help maintain denture functionality, ensure comfort during wear, and максимально extend its service life.