Hysteroscopy (Diagnostic)

Bloody discharge outside menstruation, difficulties with conception, or changes in the endometrium detected on ultrasound may require a more accurate examination. Hysteroscopy makes it possible to examine the uterine cavity from the inside, see polyps, adhesions, and other changes, and, if necessary, take a tissue sample for histological examination.

At the Oxford Medical center, diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed by experienced gynecologists using expert-class equipment. To make an appointment with a gynecologist for a preliminary examination, contact the contact center by phone or use the online appointment form.

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive endoscopic examination of the uterine cavity. During the procedure, the doctor inserts a thin optical instrument — a hysteroscope — through the vagina and cervix. It is equipped with a miniature video camera, the image from which is transmitted to a monitor. This makes it possible to examine the inner surface of the uterus in detail.

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is not performed or is temporarily postponed in the following cases:

• confirmed or suspected pregnancy;

• acute inflammatory and infectious diseases of the pelvic organs;

• heavy uterine bleeding that does not allow the uterine cavity to be fully examined;

• a severe general condition or decompensated heart and lung diseases;

• pronounced blood clotting disorders.

After the treatment of acute inflammation or stabilization of the condition, the procedure can usually be performed. The final decision is made by the gynecologist, taking into account the examination results and possible risks.

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed on an outpatient basis, without hospitalization. The procedure is carried out under medication-induced sleep (sedation), so the patient does not feel pain or discomfort. After waking up, it is necessary to remain under the supervision of medical personnel for a short time, and then the patient can return home.

During the examination, the doctor carefully inserts the hysteroscope through the vagina and the cervical canal. The uterine cavity is filled with sterile saline solution to expand its walls and thoroughly examine the inner surface. The image from the camera is transmitted to a monitor, which allows the gynecologist to assess the condition of the endometrium and detect pathological changes.

If a certain area requires additional examination, the doctor may take a small tissue sample for histological examination. Diagnostic hysteroscopy usually lasts about 20–30 minutes.

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is most often performed in the first phase of the menstrual cycle — after the end of menstruation, when the endometrium is thin and does not interfere with examination of the uterine cavity. If there are menstrual cycle disorders, the doctor determines the optimal date individually.

Preparation for hysteroscopy usually includes:

• undergoing general blood and urine tests, a coagulogram, tests for infections, and other examinations prescribed by the doctor;

• undergoing an ECG and a consultation with an anesthesiologist before the procedure under sedation;

• refraining from food for 6 hours before the procedure and from water for 2 hours;

• abstaining from sexual intercourse for several days;

• refraining from vaginal suppositories, creams, tampons, and douching.

On the day of the procedure, it is necessary to bring the results of the prescribed tests and examinations.

Doctors at Oxford Medical advise clarifying all preparation rules in advance and informing the doctor if an elevated temperature, unusual discharge, or deterioration in well-being appears before the procedure. In such a case, the examination may be postponed.

In most cases, diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed without complications and is well tolerated. In the first days after the procedure, minor pulling pain in the lower abdomen and scant bloody, brown, or yellowish discharge may appear.

After hysteroscopy, there may also be heavier menstrual discharge, especially if an endometrial biopsy was performed during the procedure. Usually, this does not require special treatment.

Doctors at Oxford Medical recommend not delaying a visit to a gynecologist if severe abdominal pain, heavy bleeding, an increase in body temperature, or discharge with an unpleasant odor appears after the procedure. Such symptoms may indicate the development of complications and require examination by a doctor.

Serious consequences after hysteroscopy occur rarely. In isolated cases, infection, severe uterine bleeding, or damage to the uterine wall is possible. At the Oxford Medical center, the procedure is performed by experienced gynecologists using modern equipment, so the risk of such complications is minimal.

After diagnostic hysteroscopy, prolonged recovery is usually not required. It is possible to return home just a few hours after the procedure and to the usual rhythm of life within the next few days.

Recommendations after hysteroscopy:

• rest more during the first day after the procedure;

• avoid intensive physical activity;

• follow the rules of intimate hygiene;

• take the medications prescribed by the gynecologist;

• monitor your well-being and the nature of the discharge.

Following these recommendations helps the mucous membrane of the uterus gradually heal and reduces the risk of undesirable reactions.

After hysteroscopy, the uterine lining needs time to recover, so it is important to observe temporary restrictions. They help reduce the risk of inflammation, bleeding, and other undesirable consequences during the post-procedure period.

After the intervention, it is not recommended to:

• abstain from sexual intercourse for 7–10 days after the procedure;

• use vaginal tampons, suppositories, or creams without a prescription;

• take a hot bath, visit a sauna, or swim in a pool;

• engage in intensive physical activity and lift heavy objects;

• independently take medications that affect blood clotting.

Such restrictions are temporary and remain in effect during the period necessary for the endometrium to heal. The duration of this period depends on the type of hysteroscopy performed and the individual characteristics of the body.

The price of hysteroscopy depends on the scope of the examination and the need for additional manipulations, including a biopsy. You can review the cost here in advance.

At the Oxford Medical center, diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed by experienced gynecologists using expert-class equipment. To make an appointment for a preliminary consultation with a gynecologist, call the contact center number or use the online appointment form on the website.

The information is for informational purposes and does not replace a consultation with a doctor.

Sources:

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
• Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
• NCBI Bookshelf